[Dictionary] STRING (Protein-Protein Interaction Networks)

A biological database of known and predicted protein-protein interactions, maintained by an academic consortium including the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, EMBL, the University of Copenhagen, the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Dresden Technical University, and the University of Zurich. Every interaction carries a weighted confidence score, computed by combining multiple independent evidence channels -- experimentally observed interactions and curated databases (imported from sources like BioGRID, HPRD, and MINT), automated text mining of the literature for statistically significant gene co-occurrence, and computational predictions from genomic context (gene neighborhood, gene fusion events, phylogenetic co-occurrence) and coexpression patterns. Version 12.0 (2023) covers roughly 59 million proteins across more than 12,000 organisms; free web access, bulk download, and a programmatic API.