Dictionary domainTrack E
Knowledge equity, diversity, global-south inclusion
Diamond OA, APC waivers, Plan S, bibliodiversity.
For implementers
Operational deployment checklist for Knowledge equity, diversity, global-south inclusion: prerequisites, five deploy steps, integration notes for Pure, Symplectic Elements, Worktribe, DSpace, and more, plus the pitfalls that recur in the field.
Terms in this domain
51 terms
Jussieu Call for Open Science and Bibliodiversity
The Jussieu Call for Open Science and Bibliodiversity is an open-access policy declaration launched on 10 October 2017 by a French collective of researchers and scholarly-publishing professionals, organized through the Bibliotheque Scientifique Numerique's open-access working group. It sets out principles for the open-access transition that explicitly reject reliance on a single dominant publishing or business model in favor of supporting a diversity of models, actors, and languages -- what the declaration terms 'bibliodiversity' -- and calls for redirecting subscription spending toward researcher-controlled, non-APC publishing infrastructure.
Helsinki Initiative on Multilingualism in Scholarly Communication
The Helsinki Initiative on Multilingualism in Scholarly Communication is a 2019 open-science policy declaration -- jointly issued by the Federation of Finnish Learned Societies, the Committee for Public Information, the Finnish Association for Scholarly Publishing, Universities Norway, and the COST Action European Network for Research Evaluation in the Social Sciences and Humanities (ENRESSH) -- that calls on universities, funders, and research-evaluation bodies to protect and reward publication in languages other than English alongside international publication, on the grounds that locally and nationally relevant research often needs to reach non-English-speaking audiences to achieve its full societal impact.
Bronze open access
An open access article that is free to read on the publisher's own website but carries no explicit open license (such as a Creative Commons license) and is not published in a DOAJ-indexed fully open-access journal — meaning the free-to-read status is not contractually guaranteed and can be withdrawn or altered by the publisher at any time.
Rights Retention Strategy (RRS)
A compliance mechanism, developed by cOAlition S in 2020, under which a funded researcher asserts a CC BY (or CC BY-equivalent) licence over the Author Accepted Manuscript (AAM) at the point of submission -- typically via a standard statement in the cover letter, on the manuscript's first page, or in the acknowledgements -- rather than negotiating open-access rights with the publisher after acceptance. Because the author (via their funder's grant conditions) retained the necessary rights from the outset, the publisher's own copyright transfer agreement, embargo policy, or self-archiving terms cannot override the licence already applied. An instance qualifies as RRS only if the licence statement is made at submission, before any publisher agreement is signed; a rights claim asserted only after acceptance, or general institutional self-archiving without a prior funder-mandated statement, does not count.
NSF Broadening Participation
NSF Broadening Participation is the National Science Foundation's coordinated set of programs, funding requirements, and strategic goals aimed at increasing the involvement of individuals, institutions, and geographic regions historically underrepresented in STEM research and education. NSF defines the target groups as individuals -- women, underrepresented racial and ethnic minorities, and persons with disabilities -- plus institutions (women's colleges, minority-serving institutions, institutions primarily serving persons with disabilities) and geographic areas (rural, urban, and EPSCoR jurisdictions) that participate in NSF programs at rates lower than their overall representation in the relevant population. Something is a genuine Broadening Participation activity -- rather than just any diversity-adjacent outreach -- when it is a specific, funded NSF program, plan requirement, or reporting element built around this defined set of target groups, not a generic institutional DEI initiative NSF happens to be aware of.
Beall’s List
Beall's List refers to the self-published blacklist of publishers and standalone journals that University of Colorado Denver librarian Jeffrey Beall judged to be "potential, possible, or probable" predatory open-access operations, posted on his blog Scholarly Open Access between 2008 and January 15, 2017. It was a single-author evaluation against Beall's own evolving criteria (fake or absent peer review, fabricated editorial boards, false indexing claims, deceptive fee disclosure, and similar red flags), not a criteria-based process run by a standards body, publisher coalition, or institution. Beall removed the entire site in January 2017 and it has not been updated since, so any reference to "Beall's List" today points to a frozen, decade-plus-old snapshot (or to one of several unofficial community mirrors of it) rather than to a live, current resource.
Library Publishing Coalition (LPC)
The Library Publishing Coalition (LPC) is an independent, community-led membership association of academic and research libraries and library consortia that operate or are developing scholarly publishing programs -- library presses, journal-hosting platforms, open monograph publishing, and related services. It was formed between January 2013 and December 2014 when 61 academic libraries, working with the Educopia Institute, organized around a shared professional forum for developing best practices and shared expertise in library-based publishing; the founding conversation originated among Purdue University, the University of North Texas, and Virginia Tech, building on an earlier IMLS-funded planning project. LPC is not a publisher, a certification body, or a standards-setting organization in the way NISO or DOAJ are -- it is a community of practice: a membership association whose value is peer knowledge-sharing, an annual member directory, a professional development curriculum, and an annual forum, run day-to-day through Educopia Institute (Atlanta, Georgia), which provides LPC's operational and staff support.
Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMIC)
LMIC is a World Bank income-classification category, combining the low-income, lower-middle-income, and upper-middle-income groups, used as a proxy for national economic development level. The World Bank sorts every economy into one of four groups (low-income, lower-middle-income, upper-middle-income, high-income) once a year, effective every 1 July, based on Gross National Income (GNI) per capita for the prior calendar year, converted to US dollars using the Atlas method. 'LMIC' is shorthand for the three non-high-income groups combined. In research administration, LMIC status determines eligibility for a large number of funder schemes, informs risk and vulnerability considerations in ethics review, and is used as a proxy variable in equity-in-research-participation and authorship analyses. A country's classification can and does change from year to year as its GNI per capita moves relative to the thresholds, so an eligibility list or dataset citing 'LMIC' status should always specify the fiscal year it draws on.
APC reimbursement (funder)
This term answers a mechanism question: once an APC has been determined to be grant-eligible , how does the money actually reach the publisher? In practice this happens through one of four routes, which a given institution and funder combination may support in parallel. Four common routes (a) Direct charge against the specific project's own open-access publication budget line, drawn straight from grant funds and processed like any other project expense. (b) Institutional block grants — UKRI and Wellcome both fund a lump sum to the institution, which the institution then administers and d
Open access publication cost (grant-eligible)
This term answers an eligibility question: which open-access publication costs — principally article processing charges (APCs) , but also cases such as data-publication or repository-deposit fees — a funder will let a grant budget actually pay for, and under what conditions or caps. It does not describe the mechanics of how an eligible cost gets paid; that's the separate, closely related question covered at APC reimbursement (funder) . The general pattern among major funders Most major research funders — UKRI, Wellcome, NIH, the European Research Council/Horizon Europe &mdash
OA Monitoring Explained
The systematic measurement and reporting of open-access publication uptake, compliance with OA policies, and progression toward open scholarship goals at institutional, funder or national level.
Knowledge Equity Index
A composite measure or framework that quantifies how equitably knowledge production, dissemination and access are distributed across geographies, languages, disciplines, demographics or career stages.
Principles of Open Scholarly Infrastructure (POSI)
A set of principles published in 2015 (updated 2020) by Bilder, Lin and Neylon defining the governance, sustainability and insurance characteristics that scholarly infrastructure should have to be considered open and community-controlled.
Open infrastructure (POSI principles)
Scholarly infrastructure that is community-governed, financially sustainable, and operationally transparent, in alignment with the Principles of Open Scholarly Infrastructure (POSI).
Institutional Waiver Programme (APCs)
A structured arrangement by a publisher or institution that grants reductions or full waivers of article-processing or publication charges to authors who would otherwise face financial barriers to open-access publication.
Author Fee Equity in OA
The principle that author-side publication charges (APCs, page charges, submission fees) should not act as a barrier to publication, with equitable access ensured through waivers, transformative agreements, diamond OA alternatives or funder support.
Predatory journal
A journal that solicits and accepts manuscripts in exchange for fees without providing the editorial and peer-review services normally expected of a legitimate scholarly venue, often through deceptive marketing.
Multilingual Scholarship
Scholarly communication that recognises, supports and produces research outputs in multiple languages, in contrast to English-only norms that dominate international academic publishing.
Geographic Editorial Diversity
The presence on a journal's editorial board, reviewer pool and authorship of researchers from a wide range of countries, regions and institutional types, especially including the Global South.
Equitable Peer Review
Peer-review practice that actively addresses structural inequities in reviewer recruitment, manuscript handling, language fairness and decision-making, to ensure that authors from under-represented regions, languages and demographics receive fair evaluation.
Global-South Publishing
Scholarly publishing originating from, owned by or serving researchers and communities in Africa, Latin America, the Caribbean, Asia, the Pacific and other regions historically marginalised by Northern publishing infrastructures.
AfricArXiv
A community-led preprint repository for African researchers, established in 2018, providing a publishing venue for African scholarship in multiple African languages alongside English and French.
African Open Science Platform (concept)
The African Open Science Platform (AOSP) is a continental open-science infrastructure and policy initiative, originating from a 2016 CODATA-International Science Council pilot funded by South Africa’s National Research Foundation and now led into its second phase by the African Academy of Sciences, focused on FAIR data repositories, interoperability, training, and policy coherence across African Union member states.
AmeliCA (concept)
AmeliCA (Conocimiento Abierto para América Latina y el Sur Global) is a non-profit, academic-led open-access publishing infrastructure and advocacy initiative for Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain, and Portugal, built around a diamond-open-access model as an explicit alternative to article-processing-charge (APC) driven open-access reform.
SciELO (concept)
Scientific Electronic Library Online, an open-access publishing model and bibliographic database founded in Brazil in 1997, now a network of country collections across Latin America, the Caribbean, South Africa and beyond.
Redalyc: Open-Access Journal System
A non-profit scientific information system, launched in 2002 and operated by UAEM Mexico, that hosts and disseminates peer-reviewed open-access journals from Iberoamerica and beyond.
Latindex (concept)
A regional online information system for scientific journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal, established in 1997 and coordinated from UNAM, Mexico.
Bibliodiversity: The 2017 Jussieu Call
The principle that the global scholarly publishing ecosystem should support a plurality of languages, disciplines, geographies, business models and editorial communities, as articulated by initiatives such as DOAJ, AmeliCA, Redalyc and the Jussieu Call.
Pure publish agreement
A contract between an institution or consortium and a publisher that covers only the open-access publication of the institution's authors, without bundled subscription reading access.
Pure read agreement
A traditional subscription contract giving an institution access to read a publisher's content, with no open-access publishing component, in contrast to a transformative or pure publish agreement.
Transformative Agreement (TA) – Definition
A time-limited contract between an institution or consortium and a publisher designed to shift the financial flow from subscription-based payment for access to payment for open-access publication, with the intent of converting subscription journals to fully OA.
Read-and-Publish Agreement
An agreement between an institution or consortium and a publisher that bundles the costs of reading subscription content with the costs of open-access publishing by the institution's authors in the publisher's journals into a single negotiated price.
Subscribe-to-Open (S2O)
A business model in which a journal flips to open access for a given year if enough institutional subscribers renew their subscriptions, with the same subscription price funding open publication instead of access control.
Diamond Open Access
A publication model in which scholarly content is freely available to read with no charges to either readers or authors, typically supported by institutional, scholarly-society or public funding.
Plan U (Preprint)
Plan U is a 2019 proposal, not an adopted funder policy, that argues the simplest and lowest-cost route to immediate open access is for funders to require grantees to post a preprint — in an approved server such as bioRxiv, medRxiv, or arXiv — at or before the point of journal submission. It was set out in Richard Sever, Michael Eisen, and John Inglis, "Plan U: Universal access to scientific and medical research via funder preprint mandates," PLOS Biology , 4 June 2019 (DOI 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000273). Sever and Inglis co-founded the bioRxiv and medRxiv preprint servers
cOAlition S
An international consortium of research funders, launched in 2018 by Science Europe, that collectively implements Plan S and advocates for full and immediate open access to research publications.
Plan S Explained
An open-access publishing policy launched in September 2018 by cOAlition S requiring that, from January 2021, scholarly publications resulting from research funded by member organisations be made openly available immediately upon publication under an open licence.
Submission fee
Charge levied on author(s) upon submission of a manuscript to a journal, sometimes referred to as administrative or handling charges.
Pure gold journal
A pure gold journal is a scholarly journal in which every published article is open access from the moment of publication, with no subscription-only content or paywalled archive, distinguishing it from a hybrid journal (which mixes subscription and paid-open articles in the same title).
Page charge
One of a number of supplementary charges imposed by some journals to cover the cost of publishing, and charged in addition to article processing charges (APCs).
Open access
Making peer reviewed scholarly content freely available via the Internet.
Open access mandate
A policy requiring publication of research in an open access format. The research author's institution, research funder or government may impose a mandate.
Open access journal
A journal that makes its articles immediately available online to the reader without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself. All the articles in the journal are available open access.
Hybrid journal
A subscription journal in which some of the articles are open access at point of publication. This status typically requires the payment of a specific publication fee (also called an article processing charge or APC) to the publisher.
Green open access
A type of open access where a version of a publication is freely available via an institutional or subject repository, or other web-accessible digital archive, that is compliant with the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI-PMH).
Gold open access
The publisher version of a publication is immediately and permanently freely available for anyone with internet access to read or download from the publisher site at the point of publication.
Free to read
Free to read (gratis open access) means the full text of a published article can be read online at no cost to the reader, with no requirement that it also carry an open license permitting reuse — a narrower guarantee than open access under a Creative Commons license.
Fee waiver
Full or partial waiver for article processing charges (APCs) offered by some publishers to authors based in selected developing countries or low-income economies.
Closed access
Restricting access to Internet content via a paid subscription; is often called a paywall.
Article publication charge
An article publication charge (APC) is a fee levied by a publisher on an author, their funder, or their institution to publish an article, most commonly to fund open-access publication under an open license.
Article processing charge
Fee paid to journals to publish an article as open access.
